{"id":8628,"date":"2011-11-29T09:00:29","date_gmt":"2011-11-29T09:00:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.badreputation.org.uk\/?p=8628"},"modified":"2011-11-29T09:00:29","modified_gmt":"2011-11-29T09:00:29","slug":"world-aids-day-violence-against-women-and-hiv","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/badreputation.org.uk\/2011\/11\/29\/world-aids-day-violence-against-women-and-hiv\/","title":{"rendered":"World AIDS Day: Violence against women and HIV"},"content":{"rendered":"
World AIDS Day<\/strong> is coming up, and loyal readers will remember
Miranda\u2019s shoutout<\/a>
last year about why HIV and AIDS is a feminist issue. I\u2019m not going to
try and tour all the issues around women and HIV and AIDS, partly because
that\u2019s WAY too big for a blog post, but also because I\u2019m not an
expert. If that\u2019s what you\u2019re after, this fantastic resource<\/a> on women,
HIV and AIDS from
Avert<\/strong> has lots of great information and clear
explanations.<\/p>\n Picture CC Terriem, 2011<\/p><\/div>\n
So why am I writing this at all? Over the last nine months I\u2019ve
gotten interested in the interactions between violence against women,
gender roles and HIV, which I confess is mostly down to my job at Womankind Worldwide<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n
It struck me that even though I\u2019ve been working with different
organisations tackling violence against women in the UK for years, I
don\u2019t remember HIV ever being mentioned. It\u2019s just not
something I\u2019d ever really thought about. But then, I had also
failed to really think about, you know, the rest of the world. This
job has been an eye-opener, and I heartily encourage other feminists
in the UK, the US, and Western Europe to look up and see what\u2019s
happening in the places you don\u2019t
see on TV<\/a>.<\/p>\n
\u201cThis epidemic unfortunately remains an epidemic of
women,\u201d Michel Sidib\u00e9, Executive Director of UNAIDS<\/a> said in 2010. At
the end of 2009, women accounted for just over half of all adults
living with HIV worldwide. In some areas of the world the proportion
is much higher, for example in sub-Saharan Africa it is 60%. High
levels of HIV among women in these areas are both caused by and
causes of violence against women.<\/p>\n
Violence against women (you remember, that really
prevalent<\/a> thing that occurs in all countries in the world)
interacts with the HIV epidemic in several cheery ways. This
paraphrased from a World Health Organisation briefing<\/a>:<\/p>\n
Women’s health has been the subject of more discussion
in development circles in recent years, thanks in large part
to the Millennium Development Goals, one of which (MDG5<\/a>)
is focused on maternal health. Women\u2019s health
doesn\u2019t begin and end with children though, so I\u2019ve
been pleased to see greater recognition of the impact of
gender-based violence appearing under MDG6<\/a>,
which is dedicated to ending the spread of diseases including
HIV infection and the associated illnesses it can cause. Next
step, an MDG which is focused on reducing levels of violence
against women? Something which has a pretty damaging effect on
women’s health in its own right.<\/p>\n
Through work recently I was lucky enough to meet some of the
women and men fighting to reduce violence against women and
women\u2019s vulnerability to HIV infection in rural Ghana.
Although Ghana isn\u2019t the country worst affected by the
HIV epidemic, of the 240,000 HIV+ adults living in Ghana,
almost 60% are women. Women in Ghana also experience high
levels of violence: 1 in 3 women has experienced some form
of physical violence in their lifetime, and 20% of women
report that they first experienced sex against their will.
(Stats<\/a>)<\/p>\n
In addition there are a number of harmful traditional
practices that contribute to the spread of HIV among women,
as well as the cultural acceptability of men having several
partners and the right to demand sex. Traditional practices,
such as widow inheritance (where a widow is forced to marry
her dead husband\u2019s relative), or polygyny (22% of
married women are in polygynous unions) increase the
likelihood of contracting HIV.<\/p>\n
Women living with HIV or AIDS in Ghana also face enormous
stigma and go to extraordinary
lengths<\/a> to find support and keep their status secret.
One reason is that belief in
witchcraft is widespread<\/a>, and HIV infection or death
from AIDS-defining illnesses is sometimes blamed on the
malign influence of a witch. Incidentally if you\u2019re
interested to know more about what happens to women accused
of witchcraft in Ghana I recommend watching The
Witches of Gambaga<\/a>:<\/p>\n
<\/a>
Violence, HIV and Women’s Health<\/h3>\n
\n
Ghana<\/h3>\n