{"id":12973,"date":"2013-04-04T10:29:07","date_gmt":"2013-04-04T09:29:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.badreputation.org.uk\/?p=12973"},"modified":"2013-04-04T13:49:59","modified_gmt":"2013-04-04T12:49:59","slug":"strychnine-and-stereotypes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/badreputation.org.uk\/2013\/04\/04\/strychnine-and-stereotypes\/","title":{"rendered":"Strychnine and Stereotypes: Older Women in TV Murder Mysteries"},"content":{"rendered":"
Won’t you have another cucumber sandwich? Why, I don’t know what you mean, they taste just fine to me…<\/p>\n
I love the clich\u00e9s of twee British TV murder mysteries – the village fete, the teacup switch, the gunshot in the dark room \u2013 but what I like best is the presence of lots of fantastic old ladies, a group which are underrepresented in nearly every other type of television genre.<\/p>\n
In 1999, people over 60 made up 21 percent of the UK population, but just 7 percent of the television population (source<\/a>) and in 2012 a BBC report (PDF)<\/a> flagged the absence of older women on TV as a major problem.<\/p>\n
Rosalie Williams as Mrs Hudson. Image: Granada<\/p><\/div>\n
<\/p>\n
An army of elderly female housekeepers, cooks, nurses, cleaners and secretaries form a vital part of the machinery of Twee British Murder.<\/p>\n
Although they are rarely the killer, and tend to be only incidental victims (when they Know Too Much, for example) they have a vital dramatic function, especially as witnesses.<\/p>\n
The cook remembers that someone different from usual offered to take the breakfast tray up to her mistress, the former nanny recalls a crucial detail from a suspect’s past…<\/p>\n
It’s these long-suffering souls that make up the bulk of body-finders too, although they’re almost always questioned and dismissed with no further contribution except looking anxious.<\/p>\n
But why are the servants and employees so swiftly ruled out? This 1928
article, 20 Rules for Writing Detective Fiction<\/strong><\/a>, states
that:<\/p>\n
A servant must not be chosen by the author as the culprit. This is
begging a noble question. It is a too easy solution. The culprit must
be a decidedly worth-while person \u2014 one that wouldn’t
ordinarily come under suspicion.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Of course! Servants are a bunch of crims already: making one of them
the murderer would be TOO OBVIOUS.<\/p>\n
Moving on. An atypical member of this category is Sherlock
Holmes’ tolerant landlady, Mrs Hudson. This is from
The Adventure of the Dying Detective<\/strong>:<\/p>\n
The landlady stood in the deepest awe of him and never dared to
interfere with him, however outrageous his proceedings might
seem. She was fond of him, too, for he had a remarkable
gentleness and courtesy in his dealings with
women.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
I am a little obsessed with the 1980s Granada series<\/a> starring Jeremy Brett<\/a> as Holmes. In this series,
Mrs Hudson (played by Rosalie Williams) is an important part of
the small ‘family’ which surrounds the detective.
Here’s one of my favourite Mrs Hudson moments, from
The Cardboard Box<\/strong>, at 4:40mins in:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Often bedridden, with elaborate medical care requirements,
and generally found in a spooky old house surrounded by
squabbling, grasping relatives, these women are often
trying to make a last minute change to their will when
they meet their demise.<\/p>\n
Frail Rich Ladies tend to be victims, but can occasionally
turns out to be killers. Letitia Blacklock in
A Murder is Announced<\/strong>, Laura Welman in
Sad Cypress<\/strong>, and Amelia Barrowby in
How Does Your Garden Grow?<\/strong> are classic
examples from the Christie canon, as is
Emily Arundell<\/strong> from
Dumb Witness<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
Bearing in mind the underlying biddy\/crone
stereotype binary, most of the above examples
are on the biddy side of things. But
there’s a fabulous Frail Rich Lady
getting her crone on in one of Baroness
Orczy’s Lady Molly stories,
The Woman in the Big
Hat<\/a> <\/strong>(PDF). She’s 12mins
in:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Eccentric Spinsters are also
occasionally widows. The important thing
is that they have been manless long
enough for their eccentricity to
flourish.<\/p>\n
This is my very favourite old lady
character type, and one that I aspire
to. One of the best examples is the
three sisters in Agatha Christie’s
Nemesis<\/strong>. Here they are
having tea with Miss Marple, at 7:09
mins in:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
I love how there’s a bit of a
maiden, mother and crone thing going
on, with Clothilde, the more
bookish, stereotypable-as-mannish,
serious one (crone), Anthea the
‘girly’, immature one
(maiden) and their more
well-adjusted sister Lavinia, who
tries to keep everything under
control (mother). Lavinia’s
the one who had been married, of
course, so she’s coded as
noticeably more ‘normal’
than the other two.<\/p>\n
The Bradbury-Scott sisters above are
at the biddy end of the spinster
spectrum, but there’s a
fantastic crone version called
Honoria Lyddiard in the
Midsomer Murders<\/strong>
episode
Written In Blood<\/strong>.
She’s at 5:28 mins
in:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Eccentric Spinsters can be
victims, witnesses or killers,
and can often be found
providing another dramatic
function: introducing a
supernatural, prophetic red
herring.<\/p>\n
This provides a contrast with
the detective’s rational
method and cheap thrills for
the viewer, as well as
obfuscating the sequence of
events for both. Prunella
Scales turns in a
scene-stealing performance as
psychic Eleanor Bunsall in
another
Midsomer Murders<\/strong>
episode,
Beyond the
Grave<\/strong>, and in
Dumb Witness<\/strong>
one of the two Miss
Tripps receives a
message for Poirot, at
15:13mins in:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
A provincial murder
mystery staple. Like
the servants and
staff, this
character provides
vital information
and misinformation,
clues and red
herrings for
viewers. Without
this character,
there might be no
mystery at all. She
is a key witness,
frequently a victim
because she’s
seen or heard
something she
shouldn’t
have, but never the
killer.<\/p>\n
Although she’s
only middle-aged in
the TV adaption,
Caroline Sheppard is
worth a mention
because of Agatha
Christie’s
comment in her
autobiography
that:<\/p>\n
It is possible
that Miss Marple
arose from the
pleasure I had
taken in
portraying Dr
Sheppard’s
sister in
The Murder of
Roger
Ackroyd<\/strong>.
She had been my
favourite
character in the
book – an
acidulated
spinster, full
of curiosity,
knowing
everything,
hearing
everything: the
complete
detective
service in the
home.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
My New
Year’s
resolution
this year was
to get the
word
‘acidulated’
into every
tenth
conversation.<\/p>\n
While Caroline
Sheppard is
relatively
harmless, her
crone
counterpart
uses her
knowledge to
manipulate
others. Mrs
Rainbird is an
extremely camp
example of
this in the
Midsomer
Murders<\/strong>
pilot
The
Killings
at
Badger’s
Drift<\/strong>
at
22mins:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Joan
Hickson
as Miss
Marple.
Image:
BBC<\/p><\/div>\n
*Puts
on
What
Would
Miss
Marple
Do?
t-shirt*<\/p>\n
There’s
not
enough
space
here
to do
her
justice,
and I
haven’t
managed
to
find
the
perfect
clip,
but I
wanted
to
share
this:
in her
autobiography
Agatha
Christie
likens
Miss
Marple
to her
grandmother
in
that
“though
a
cheerful
person,
she
always
expected
the
worst
of
everyone
and
everything,
and
was,
with
almost
frightening
accuracy,
usually
proved
right.”<\/p>\n
That
\u201cfrightening
accuracy\u201d
is the
hallmark
of the
Wise
Woman,
and
Marple
isn’t
the
only
one in
this
role
solving
murders
–
I’d
also
put
forward
Gladys
Mitchell’s
creation
Mrs
Bradley<\/a>.<\/p>\n
The
glamorous
TV
version
of Mrs
Bradley
played
by
Diana
Rigg
departs
pretty
drastically
from
the
description
of her
appearance
in the
books
(she
is
emphatically
witch-like:
“She
possessed
nasty,
dry,
claw-like
hands,
and
her
arms,
yellow
and
curiously
repulsive,
suggested
the
plucked
wings
of a
fowl”).
Nonetheless,
she
still
provides
a
worthy
crone
counterpart
to
Miss
Marple’s
biddiness.
In
this
clip,
she’s
driving
away
from
her
ex-husband’s
funeral
at
3:40mins:<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Zoe
Brennan,
in her
book
The
Older
Woman
in
Recent
Fiction<\/strong><\/a>,
links
both
Miss
Marple
and
Mrs
Bradley
(as
well
as
other
older
women
detectives
such
as
Miss
Silver<\/a>
and
Miss
Pym<\/a>)
with
feminine
archetypes,
from
fairytale
witches
to
the
Furies.
This
is a
connection
which
Agatha
Christie
clearly
had
in
mind
when
one
character
gives
Marple
the
nickname
‘Nemesis’.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
For
some
more
info
about
why
this
all
matters,
have
a
look
at
Understanding
Age
Stereotypes
and
Ageism
(PDF)<\/strong><\/a>.
It’s
also
worth
noting
that
while
Twee
British
Murder
is
good
on
age
diversity
and
features
a
lot
of
women
characters,
it
fails
dismally
across
other
diversity
strands.<\/p>\n
2) Frail Rich Lady<\/h2>\n
3) Eccentric Spinster<\/h2>\n
4) Village
Busybody<\/h2>\n
5) Wise
Woman<\/h2>\n
<\/a>
Postscript<\/h3>\n